Living in space

Astronauts produce waste materials – used materials for their work, food packaging, faeces, urine. Everything that is in the spacecraft has to be carried up there. Most of it comes back down again. The only other option is to dump it into space.

General waste, like food packaging, is compressed and brought back down. The same happens with faeces, though that may need to be dried first. One advantage of that is that dried faeces take up less space, and another is that the water can be re-used in the spacecraft.

In the past, urine has been ejected into space. It’s less of a problem than solid waste, because it evaporates. But it’s a waste of precious water. On the International Space Station, urine is recycled.

 Living in space II